High Resistance Grounding Analysis Using Symmetrical Components
This paper provides a perspective on high resistance grounding (HRG) using symmetrical components. The paper notes that with the use…
Substation Bus Design: Current Methods Compared with Field Results
Current standards define accepted methods of substation bus design. These standards also require certain strength and deflection criteria. This paper…
The Heat and Buried Cable Conundrum
One of the most important factors affecting underground cable ampacity is the thermal resistivity of the soil. A soil’s thermal resistivity…
Developing Design Wind Speeds for Transmission and Distribution Lines in Belize and Accounting for Climate Change
This report develops an evidence-based strength and loading standard for the country of Belize to use with future power line…
On the Use of the Law of Times in Calculating Soil Thermal Stability and Underground Cable Ampacity
An underground cable carrying current must dissipate heat to the surrounding soil. The rate at which this heat can be…
How to Include Soil Thermal Instability in Underground Cable Ampacity Calculations
The heat produced by underground cables can cause the soil surrounding the cables to dry. This drying causes a change…
Engineering the Thermal Resistivity of Concrete Duct Banks
Underground conduit is often surrounded by concrete in the form of a concrete duct bank. This is done to protect…
The Effect of Underground Cable Diameter on Soil Drying, Soil Thermal Resistivity and Thermal Stability
Any cable carrying current will generate heat that must be removed from the cable vicinity or the cable can quickly…
Cable Ampacity Calculations: A Comparison of Methods
Using accurate cable ampacities is critical to electrical power system design. An optimally sized cable results in minimum cost and…
An Accurate Method of Determining Conductor Short Circuit Withstand Capability
When designing an underground medium voltage (MV) collection system for a wind or solar project, the engineer must consider the…